Embedded · STM32 · Robotics

STM32-based Intelligent Logistics Handling Robot

Rapid e-commerce growth highlights the limits of manual sorting. This project develops an STM32-based intelligent logistics robot for efficient, automated handling and sorting, improving logistics efficiency and reducing costs.

System Architecture

  • Control core — STM32 manages the system, with serial links to Arduino and OpenMV.
  • Movement — omni-wheels guided by grayscale and laser sensors with PID control.
  • Functions — object recognition via OpenMV, grasping by the robotic arm, item classification and storage, and ultrasonic obstacle avoidance.
  • Communication — serial links connect all modules.
System architecture diagram
System architecture and control signal flow.

Mechanical Design

  • Multi-layer acrylic chassis housing the control cabinet and drives.
  • Articulated robotic arm for grasping and placing items.
  • Four omni-directional wheels for holonomic movement.
  • Fabrication — modeled in Fusion360/CATIA and built with 3D printing and acrylic.
Logistics robot CAD design
CAD design of the logistics handling robot.

Storage and Sorting Warehouse

  • Double-layer design — the upper layer handles distribution, the middle layer stores items.
  • Classified storage — subdivided areas for various shapes, ensuring accurate placement.
  • Item process — items enter via a guiding channel, are sorted by the distribution piece, then stored.
Sorting warehouse CAD design
CAD design of the storage and sorting warehouse.

Prototype

  • Integrated STM32 control cabinet with servo drivers and encoders.
  • OpenMV vision for object recognition and classification.
  • Ultrasonic sensors for obstacle avoidance during handling.
Assembled logistics handling robot
The assembled logistics handling robot.